Launched in 2017,

the Guangzhou New Energy Public Transport Development Program led to full electrification of the city’s bus, taxi, and vessel fleet. By 2025, over 12,000 electric buses, nearly 10,000 taxis, and 7 electric cruise ships operated across the city, supported by nearly 400 charging stations and over 12,000 charging piles. The Ruyue platform manages operations, and an integrated transport-energy infrastructure system combines charging infrastructure, photovoltaic generation, energy storage, and operational coordination. This transformation cut overall energy consumption by 50% and CO₂ emissions by nearly 1 million tonnes. Retired bus batteries are repurposed through a full life cycle battery management system, extending their lifespan and enabling circular reuse and recycling. A 3 GW facility now supports peak grid demand while charging at night and integrating solar during the day. What began as a zero-emission transport project has become a profitable energy ecosystem, lowering reliance on subsidies and water use, while improving battery recycling and emissions reduction.